KAMAZ 53212 Milk Truck (diecast 1:43, Elecon)

The model is made in The Suvie Union in scale 1:43. It has working suspension and the drivers cab can be tilted forward just like on the real truck.

Over time, trucks of the Kama Automobile Plant became for the USSR, and then for Russia, something more than just equipment. These vehicles were so modern and advanced that "KamAZ" became the collective name for heavy trucks.

Only updates to the lineup occurred infrequently. By the early 1990s, Tatar trucks had become more conservative. As it turned out later - in difficult times, the country needs just such a machine - easy to maintain, and the long-wheelbase KamAZ-53212 is just that.

History of creation

Now it is no longer a secret that the roots of KamAZ trucks must be sought in Moscow. The ZiL plant, which in the 60s produced cars similar in design and design to the American Ford flatbed trucks of the mid-50s, was not going to stop at them. The transport economy of the Soviet Union required a modern heavy vehicle, undemanding to road conditions.

So in 1967, the ZIL-170 appeared - a three-axle cabover truck. But in 1969, a new complex of automobile plants began to be built in Tatarstan. It was decided to transfer promising cars there. So ZIL-170 became KamAZ.
The representative of the basic modification, the flatbed truck 5320, was the first to leave the conveyor. It was followed by specialized options. In 1978, they mastered the production of the KamAZ-53202 model. It differed from the standard version by an increased wheelbase and, as a result, a longer body. However, the carrying capacity of the car did not change, and amounted to 8 tons. "53202" was not produced for long - already in 1980 it was replaced by KamAZ-53212.

By this time, the plant had completed work begun back in 1974 on the creation of an engine for machines with increased payload. Initially, they were going to develop a 10-cylinder version of the YaMZ-740 engine for this role. Later, this idea was abandoned in favor of equipping the 8-cylinder engine with a turbocharger. Successful testing of the turbodiesel made it possible to equip long-wheelbase KamAZ-53212 flatbed trucks with it.

General information about KAMAZ-53212

The onboard tractor is used as a road train. Suitable for many types of trailers. The sides of the all-metal platform recline all except the front. The truck comes with an awning and bases for its installation.

Cabin KAMAZ-53212 is designed for three people. It is made according to the cabover type, the power unit is located under it. For convenience, a bed has been added. The seat is adjusted according to the weight of the driver, it is also possible to adjust the angle of the backrest.

Easily starts after idle in the cold thanks to the pre-heating of the motor. The engine develops 210 horsepower and is equipped with a turbocharger. The production of the machine was carried out not only for the domestic market, but also for export to Europe and tropical countries. A special version was also produced for operation in the northern regions. The chassis of the car is used for the installation of specialized household and military equipment.
Design Description
KamAZ-53212 is a flatbed truck, also suitable for use as a tractor (with a trailer). The digital index of the model indicates its “weight category” (up to 20 tons), belonging to the class of trucks and the serial number of the modification.

The basis of the machine design is a steel frame to which the units are attached.

The KamAZ-7403.10 engine has a working volume of 10.8 liters, the piston diameter is equal to its stroke. The motor has 2 valves per cylinder, the camshaft is in the collapse of the blocks. Fuel is supplied to the cylinders by a high pressure fuel pump. It differs from the base model of the 7403.10 engine by the presence of 2 turbochargers installed in the exhaust tract. The compression ratio had to be slightly reduced, but the power increased from 210 to 260 forces.

Torque has also increased to 785 Nm. The control fuel consumption increased slightly - from 29.6 to 31.5 liters per 100 km at a speed of 80 km / h. The engine could be equipped with a heater to facilitate starting in cold weather.

I must say that at present, V8 engines are rarely used on trucks. Preference is given to simpler in-line 6-cylinder engines. Individual cylinder heads are also becoming a rarity.

The engine is mated to a 5-speed manual gearbox. The torque at the gearbox is transmitted through a 2-disk clutch with a pneumatic booster of the engagement mechanism. Synchronizers in the gearbox ensure the inclusion of gears (from 2 to 5) without double clutch release and regassing. The gearbox is complemented by a divider that provides actually 10 forward speeds (and 2 reverse).
The center differential is equipped with a locking mechanism.
The wheels of the KAMAZ-53212 truck are diskless, with chamber tires. Wheel diameter is 20 inches. The rear axles use dual tires.

The design of the front suspension is simple and traditional. It is dependent, equipped with leaf springs and shock absorbers. The rear axle suspension is balanced, with inverted springs. Brake mechanisms of all wheels - drum, two-block. But they are driven by a whole complex of systems.

The main brake drive mechanism is pneumatic. The rear wheel brakes act as a parking brake, and in this case they work from spring mechanisms. The auxiliary engine brake can also be used to slow the vehicle. The steering is of the “screw-ball nut” type, equipped with a hydraulic booster for the convenience of the driver.
From the base machines of the KamAZ-53212 family, it favorably differed not only in a powerful turbodiesel. An extended cab with a sleeper was installed on it, which most Kama trucks received only as an option. The sleeping bag was not distinguished by its record-breaking dimensions or particularly rich finishes (there was nothing in it except for a bunk), but most Soviet trucks did not have this either. The cab was designed for 3 people, and the driver's seat was the most comfortable - it was adjustable and had suspension.

In parallel with the KAMAZ-53212 truck, the GKB-8352 trailer was mastered in production.

The trailer was maximally unified with Kama cars, its carrying capacity reached 10 tons. Thus, the road train could carry up to 20 tons of cargo. The control fuel consumption during the operation of a tractor with a trailer increased to 44.8 liters per 100 km at a speed of 80 km/h.

Modifications and production

Although KamAZ-53212 itself was a modification of the main model "5320", "sub-modifications" were also produced on its basis. For the northern regions of the country, a "polar" modification "532121" was produced. For the foreign market, the model "532126" was developed. The export version could differ in right-hand drive and lighting equipment of the European standard - with headlights in the bumper. “532127” was supplied to the southern countries, adapted for a hot climate.

Separately, the production range included a long-wheelbase chassis, which differs from KamAZ-53212 only in the absence of a body. The tropical version of the chassis had the index "532137". Since the end of the 80s, KamAZ-53218 has gone into the series - a modification capable of using not only diesel fuel, but also compressed gas for work. Engine power at the same time decreased to 210 hp.
The KamAZ-53212 truck has been produced for two decades without undergoing significant changes. In the 90s, a real stream of imported trucks poured into Russia, often surpassing Kama trucks in terms of power and comfort. But the plant in Naberezhnye Chelny survived, largely due to the fact that its machines were cheap and easy to operate. And even low reliability was partially offset by the ease of repair and the availability of spare parts.

In recent years, the 53212 model trucks received a modified design - a different cab lining and rectangular headlights in the bumper.

Production of the veteran truck ceased in 2000. It was replaced by KamAZ-53215 with a modified high cabin and a more environmentally friendly engine.
Technical device and performance characteristics
Structurally, KAMAZ 53212 is a three-axle tractor with a wheel arrangement of 6 * 4. The body of the car is made of metal, it has three folding sides (rear and two side), the floor of the body is made of wood. The manufacturer provided for the possibility of installing an awning, which greatly expanded the scope of the truck.

Passport carrying capacity of the car is 10,000 kilograms, while its curb weight is 8,200 kg. As already mentioned, KamAZ 53212 was created to work as part of a road train, usually GKB-8352 was used for these purposes - a car trailer of the same size as the truck body.

In terms of dimensions, this model did not particularly stand out against the background of its counterparts, although it had some differences, which manifested itself in the greater height of the car:

Length: 8.35 m;
Width: 2.5 m;
Height: 3.8 m;
Wheelbase: 5 m;
Turning radius: 9.8 m.

Design features and scope

The KAMAZ-53212 onboard tractor is designed to transport a variety of goods, including as part of a road train (with a trailer) on roads designed to allow vehicles with an axle load of up to 10 tf. Most often, these machines work with trailers GKB-8350, GKB-8352 and GKB-8355, which have the same size as the truck body.

The body of KAMAZ-53212 is a metal platform with wooden flooring; with folding side and rear sides. Installation of an awning is provided, which turns a flatbed truck into a truck, into that very long-range "tramp".

The main distinguishing feature of KamAZ-53212 is an elongated base, which greatly increases the possibility of using the model. From the factory, KamAZ-53212 trucks were provided with a metal platform that can hold up to 34 cubic meters of cargo, and in conjunction with a trailer, the total volume is 64 cubic meters. The car steadfastly and confidently endures merciless operation in the widest temperature ranges - from -35 to +40 degrees Celsius; several thousand meters above sea level.

The type of operation of KamAZ-53212 depends strictly on the modifications, of which there were a whole lot. The most popular are the classic version 53212, as well as its "tropical" version 532127 and the standard chassis with the index 53213.